Pregnancy Pregnancy brings a lot of changes to a woman’s body, and the skin is no exception. As the body adapts to support the growing baby, many women notice notable changes in their skin. For many women, pregnancy brings glowing skin, rosy cheeks, and shiny hair. However, some other women may experience skin changes including acne, dark spots, and stretch marks. Skin changes are caused by the hormonal fluctuations that occur during pregnancy. So what are the common skin changes you may experience during pregnancy?

We contacted women’s health experts who explained the causes and common skin changes, as well as safe and effective treatment options.

Dr Neelam Suri, Senior Consultant Obstetrician & Gynecologist, Indraprastha Apollo Hospital, New Delhi explains that pregnant women usually experience a number of skin changes including hyperpigmentation, particularly melasma (darkening of facial skin) and linea nigra (a dark line on the abdomen). Stretch marks are another common problem, affecting 90 per cent of pregnant women. Many women also experience increased oil production, leading to acne or “pregnancy glow”.

“Skin scarring may occur, particularly in areas of friction. Some women develop spider veins or varicose veins due to increased blood volume. Pruritic urticarial papules and plaques of pregnancy (PUPPP) is a common itchy rash. Dry, itchy skin is also common. In addition, existing skin conditions may worsen or improve during pregnancy. These changes are generally harmless and often resolve after delivery, but some may persist or require treatment,” he said.

Dr Aastha Dayal, Director, Obstetrics and Gynecology, CK Birla Hospital, Gurugram, explains the following reasons for the skin changes during pregnancy.

1. Hormonal fluctuations: Increase in the levels of hormones like estrogen and progesterone cause changes in skin pigmentation and oil production.

2. Increased blood volume: This can cause the blood vessels to expand, leading to spider and varicose veins.

3. Weight gain and stretching: Rapid stretching of the skin can cause stretch marks.

4. Genetic factors: A woman’s genetic predisposition plays an important role in the type and extent of skin changes.

Dr. Neelam Suri explains that skin changes during pregnancy are often associated with gestational age and hormonal changes.

First Trimester

In the first trimester, many women experience oiliness or acne due to rising hormone levels. The “pregnancy glow” may also be noticeable.

second quarter

Hyperpigmentation, including melasma and linea nigra, usually begins to develop in the second trimester as melanin production increases. Stretch marks usually appear in the second and third trimesters as the skin stretches to accommodate fetal growth. Spider veins and varicose veins tend to develop or worsen as pregnancy progresses because of increased blood volume and pressure. Skin tags are more likely to appear in the second and third trimesters.

third quarter

Itchy hives and plaques during pregnancy, if they occur, usually develop in the third trimester, often starting on the abdomen. Itchy skin can occur throughout pregnancy but may intensify in later stages. While these patterns are common, individual experiences can vary, and some women may notice changes earlier or later than usual.

Dr. Neelam Suri explains that melasma, often referred to as the “mask of pregnancy”, is a common hyperpigmentation disorder in which symmetrical, brownish patches appear on the face, particularly on the cheeks, forehead, upper lip and chin. It is caused by increased production of melanin in the skin.

“In pregnant women, melasma is primarily caused by an increase in the hormones estrogen and progesterone, which stimulate melanocytes (pigment-producing cells) to produce more melanin. The placenta also makes melanocyte-stimulating hormone, which further contributes to hyperpigmentation,” she explains.

In addition, genetics play a role in susceptibility to melasma, and it is more common in women with darker skin. Sun exposure aggravates melasma, as UV radiation stimulates melanocytes. The condition can also be affected by thyroid dysfunction and certain medications. While melasma often disappears after delivery, it can persist in some women. Management usually involves sun protection, topical treatments, and in some cases, procedures such as chemical peels or laser therapy after pregnancy.

Dr. Aastha Dayal explains that treatment of melasma during pregnancy focuses on safe, non-invasive ways to manage pigmentation.

Sun protection: Using a high SPF sunscreen, hats, and wearing protective clothing can help prevent melasma from getting worse.

Topical treatments: Creams containing azelaic acid or vitamin C may help lighten dark spots and are generally considered safe during pregnancy.

Avoiding triggers: Limit sun exposure and avoid irritating skin care products.

How long do these skin changes usually last after childbirth?

Dr. Neelam Suri explains that the duration of pregnancy-related skin changes after delivery varies from person to person and depends on the specific situation. Many changes begin to resolve within a few weeks or months after delivery. Melasma often gradually fades after delivery, but it may persist in some women, especially when exposed to the sun.

Stretch marks usually fade from reddish-purple to silvery-white over 6-12 months, but rarely disappear completely. Linea nigra usually disappears within a few months.

Dr Neelam said, “Pregnancy hormone-related acne often clears up quickly after delivery, but in some people it can persist due to stress or hormonal fluctuations, especially while breastfeeding. Skin tags may remain, but can be easily removed if they become bothersome. Spider veins and varicose veins may improve, but they can persist, especially after multiple pregnancies.”

PUPPP usually resolves within a few days or weeks after delivery. The “pregnancy glow” often fades quickly as hormone levels and blood counts return to normal.

“Some women may experience increased skin dryness or sensitivity after delivery as hormones stabilize. In general, most pregnancy-related skin changes resolve significantly within 3-6 months after delivery, but complete resolution may take a year or longer,” she added.

Dr. Aastha Dayal shares some post pregnancy skin treatments:

Stretch marks: Topical treatments with retinoids, laser therapy, or microneedling may help reduce their appearance.

Melasma: Sun protection and continued use of treatments such as chemical peels or laser therapy can be effective.

Varicose veins: If these veins do not improve after pregnancy, they can be treated with compression stockings, sclerotherapy, or surgical options.

Dr. Aastha Dayal shares diet and exercise tips to maintain skin health:

Diet: A balanced diet rich in antioxidants, vitamins, and minerals supports overall skin health. Foods rich in vitamins C and E, zinc, and healthy fats can promote skin repair and reduce inflammation.

Exercise: Regular physical activity increases blood circulation, which can help maintain healthy skin.

Hydration and sleep:

Hydration: Drinking plenty of water helps keep skin hydrated and reduces the severity of stretch marks and other skin problems.

Sleep: Adequate sleep helps the body to repair and regenerate skin cells, keeping the skin healthy.

stress management:

Stress: Managing stress through techniques such as yoga, meditation and deep breathing can have a positive impact on skin health by reducing cortisol levels, which can aggravate skin problems such as acne and eczema.

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