Hormonal changes during menstruation are driven by fluctuating levels of the hormones estrogen and progesterone, which help regulate the menstrual cycle. At the beginning of the cycle, estrogen levels increase to stimulate growth of the uterine lining and prepare the ovaries to release an egg. In between, during ovulation, estrogen levels peak and luteinizing hormone (LH) increases, triggering the release of a mature egg.

After ovulation, progesterone levels increase to maintain the uterine lining in case of pregnancy. If fertilization does not occur, levels of both estrogen and progesterone drop, causing the uterine lining to shed and resulting in menstrual bleeding. This cycle of hormonal changes can cause physical and emotional symptoms, including bloating, fatigue, mood changes, and cramps.

Hormonal changes during the menstrual cycle can also cause headaches and migraines for many people. A drop in estrogen levels can cause headaches a few days before or in the early days of menstruation.

Additionally, prostaglandins, which are hormone-like substances involved in pain and inflammation, can increase headache pain. The combination of these hormonal changes can cause varying levels of headache intensity, with some people experiencing mild discomfort and others experiencing severe discomfort.

Tips to deal with headache during periods

stay hydrated

Drinking plenty of water helps reduce the severity of headaches as dehydration can make headaches worse. Aim to drink at least eight glasses per day, especially during your period. This can help you stay hydrated and reduce symptoms.

maintain a balanced diet

Eating nutrient-rich foods can help stabilize blood sugar levels, such as whole grains, fruits and vegetables. These ultimately help in reducing the frequency of headaches. Avoid processed foods and sugary snacks, which can cause headaches or worsen symptoms.

Limit your caffeine intake

Although caffeine can sometimes help manage headaches, excessive consumption may cause headaches. Limiting caffeine or reducing it during menstruation may help prevent headaches.

magnesium supplement

Magnesium is important for reducing menstrual migraines. Taking magnesium supplements before and during menstruation may help reduce headaches as magnesium deficiency is linked to migraines.

apply cold compress

Place a cold pack on your forehead or neck as this can help numb the headache pain and reduce swelling. The cooling effect can give you instant relief from menstrual headache.

sleep well

Getting enough sleep can help reduce the frequency and severity of headaches. Aim for 7-9 hours of sleep every night. It helps stabilize hormonal levels and reduce headache triggers.

relaxation techniques

Stress is a common cause of headaches, especially during menstruation. Techniques such as deep breathing, meditation or gentle yoga can help manage stress, reduce muscle tension and prevent headaches.

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