lung cancer awareness month Celebrated every year in the month of November to spread awareness about lung cancerThis is a form of cancer that starts with the growth of cells in the lungs. Lung cancer is the leading cause of cancer deaths worldwide.

According to the World Cancer Research Fund International, more than 2.2 million new cases of lung cancer were reported globally in 2020. Additionally, lung cancer causes approximately 1.8 million deaths and is the second most common cancer in the world.

Lung cancer has a high mortality rate and hence, recognizing early symptoms can be beneficial as it can help in early diagnosis and treatment. There are several factors that increase the risk of lung cancer. Here, take a look at some of the factors.

air pollution

By breathing polluted air, especially in cities with high traffic and industrial activity, people are exposed to harmful particles such as dust, soot and chemicals. These can accumulate in the lungs, causing inflammation and increasing the risk of respiratory diseases, including lung cancer. Pollutants such as nitrogen dioxide and sulfur dioxide can damage lung tissue over time, making it more susceptible to disease.

second hand smoke

Even if you don’t smoke, breathing secondhand smoke, which comes from exposure to the smoke of others, poses significant health risks. The chemicals present in cigarette smoke damage the lung cells, increasing the risk of cancer. Regular exposure to secondhand smoke can increase the risk of lung disease by 30% in non-smokers.

radon gas

Radon is a naturally occurring radioactive gas that can seep from the ground into the air and homes. It is odorless and invisible, making it difficult to detect without a specific test. Radon is the second leading cause of lung cancer, and long-term exposure can cause lung cell mutations, increasing the risk of cancer.

occupational hazards

Some jobs expose people to dangerous chemicals and particles. For example, miners, construction workers, and factory workers may be exposed to chemicals such as asbestos, silica dust, and formaldehyde. These substances can accumulate in the lungs, causing chronic irritation, wounds, and cancer over time.

smoking and vaping

Smoking tobacco is the main cause of lung cancer. This delivers carcinogens directly to the lungs, which then enter the bloodstream. Smoking damages lung cells, increasing the risk of mutations occurring in them. Even vaping has risks. Some vape liquids contain potentially toxic chemicals that can cause inflammation and damage to the lungs.

genetic factors

A family history of lung disease or cancer may increase a person’s risk. Genes influence how the body processes toxins and repairs damaged cells. In some cases, genetic mutations passed down through families make people more susceptible to developing lung disease.

chronic respiratory infection

Frequent respiratory infections, such as bronchitis or pneumonia, can weaken the lungs over time. Chronic inflammation from such infections damages lung tissue, making it more sensitive to harmful substances and potentially increasing the risk of lung disease. The risk is higher in people with conditions such as chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), because their lungs are already damaged and more vulnerable.

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