A new study reveals three important risk factors that not only increase the likelihood of stroke but also increase the likelihood that it will be severe and life-altering. These factors—smoking, high blood pressure and atrial fibrillation—are linked to debilitating strokes that can leave patients unable to walk independently or care for themselves.

The research, published Nov. 13 in Neurology, analyzed data from nearly 27,000 people from 32 countries, whose average age was 62 years. Of these participants, about half had experienced a stroke, with about 4,800 having suffered a severe stroke and 8,600 having suffered a mild stroke. To moderate the stroke. After adjusting for other health variables, the researchers noted that the presence of these three risk factors sharply increased the likelihood of stroke severity.

According to lead investigator Catriona Radin, a geriatrics researcher at the University of Galway in Ireland, “While stroke can lead to disability or even death, there are many risk factors that people can modify with lifestyle changes or medication.” Radin stressed that managing high blood pressure, addressing atrial fibrillation and quitting smoking can significantly reduce the risk of serious stroke.

Key findings from the study

– Atrial fibrillation (AFib): Participants with AFib, a common form of irregular heartbeat, were found to be 4.7 times more likely to have a severe stroke and 3.6 times more likely to have a mild to moderate stroke than those without the condition. More were found. The irregular heart rhythms of AFib increase the chance of blood clots, which can block blood flow to the brain, leading to stroke.

– High blood pressure: High blood pressure, a prevalent condition worldwide, was associated with a 3.2-fold increased risk of severe stroke and a 2.9-fold increased risk of mild-to-moderate stroke. High blood pressure weakens blood vessels over time, making them more prone to rupture or blockage.

– Smoking: Smokers were 1.9 times more likely to experience a severe stroke and 1.7 times more likely to have a mild to moderate stroke. Smoking damages blood vessels, making them more likely to form clots.

“Our findings underscore the urgent need to control hypertension, especially in low- and middle-income countries where hypertension and stroke rates are rising,” Radin said. They highlighted that controlling blood pressure is the most influential modifiable risk factor for stroke globally.

Tips to Prevent Stroke Risk

– Quit smoking: Smoking significantly contributes to stroke risk, so quitting can reduce the chance of a serious stroke.

– Monitor and manage blood pressure: High blood pressure is a major risk factor for stroke. Check your blood pressure regularly and work with your healthcare provider to keep it within a healthy range.

– Addressing atrial fibrillation: If you have AFib, seek medical treatment to manage the condition and prevent clots from forming.

– Adopt a healthy diet and exercise: A balanced diet low in sodium and rich in fruits, vegetables and whole grains, combined with regular exercise, can help maintain heart health and reduce the risk of stroke.

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