Every drug, from aspirin to the most complex prescription drugs on the market, has side effects. These effects range from minor inconveniences to significant health concerns, and in some cases, they can be downright bizarre. The gastrointestinal system is probably the most common area affected by drugs acting internally. Almost all medications have the potential to cause nausea or stomach upset, although this happens to only a small percentage of people. Similarly, medications used externally often cause skin irritation as a specific side effect.

Dr. Ashish Chaudhary, Managing Director, Aakash Healthcare in New Delhi, highlights the importance of understanding these effects informed decision“Because of their molecular properties, some drugs are inherently prone to causing adverse effects,” he says.

For example, he says, the widely used allergy drug diphenhydramine (commonly known as Benadryl) reduces allergy symptoms but also blocks the neurotransmitter acetylcholine. “This results in other side effects, including drowsiness and dry mouth. At the right dosage, some drugs cause barely noticeable side effects. For example, warfarin (Coumadin, Jantoven), used to prevent blood clots, “Usually works well without irritation. But under certain conditions significant internal bleeding can occur,” he explains.

Interestingly, not all side effects are undesirable. Some are also beneficial. “Finasteride, initially introduced in 1992 to treat non-cancerous prostate gland enlargement, was later found to stimulate hair regrowth. Today, millions of men take it in low doses to deal with male pattern baldness. Similarly, minoxidil, originally marketed as a high blood pressure drug, gained popularity after users noticed it promoted hair growth; now, it is available in cream or foam. as a widely available baldness treatment.” Dr. Chaudhary explains.

Each medication comes with a risk-benefit ratio that varies depending on the individual. Awareness is important.

To reduce the risk of side effects of medicineDr. Chaudhary recommends adopting a proactive approach. “Always take medicines as prescribed by your doctor and avoid using others’ medicines. It is important to follow the prescribed dosage and schedule.” He emphasizes the importance of familiarizing yourself with the enclosed information sheet prescription drugs“These leaflets provide detailed instructions on use, precautions and possible side effects.”

For over-the-counter or supplemental medications, Dr. Chaudhary recommends consulting a pharmacist before purchasing. “Pharmacists can guide you on possible adverse effects drug interactions,” he says. It’s also important to inform your doctor about all medications you’re taking, including prescription, over-the-counter, and supplement treatments.

Dr. Chaudhary explains that this practice is especially important for elderly individuals, who are more sensitive to side effects. “Regular medication reviews, either at a pharmacy or at home, can help prevent complications,” he suggests.

Lifestyle changes can also reduce dependence on medicines. “Discuss with your doctor whether changes in diet, exercise, or other habits might improve your condition without becoming more dependent on medications,” says Dr. Chaudhary. Additionally, seeking advice from pharmacists on dosage management can help avoid errors, especially if taking multiple medications.

Informed decision making and active management are the best defense against medication side effects. As Dr. Chaudhary advises, “Understanding both the benefits and risks of your medications can lead to safer and more effective treatment outcomes.”

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