While the monsoon season brings respite from the scorching heat, it also poses certain threats to our health and well-being. Among these, monsoon puddles are a serious threat that is often overlooked. This stagnant water is dangerous as it can lead to accidents, diseases, and other health risks. According to data from the Ministry of Health and Family Welfare, Government of India, and the National Centre for Vector Borne Disease Control (NCVBDC), a large amount of water comes to emergency departments. Dengue And Typhoid Dengue cases may reach 2,89,235 during the monsoon season. In 2023, there will be 485 deaths and 2,89,235 total cases of dengue across the country.

We got in touch with Dr Muzammil Sultan, Senior Registrar, Critical Care Medicine, Marengo Asia Hospital, Gurugram, who explains how monsoon water droplets can pose a threat to your health.

Dr Muzammil Sultan explains the health risks associated with monsoon water. These include:

1. Mosquito breeding sites: Puddles with stagnant water provide suitable breeding sites for mosquitoes, especially the Aedes species that spread diseases such as dengue, chikungunya and the Zika virus. These diseases can cause serious health problems, such as increased body temperature, joint pains and, in severe cases, death. Since puddles support mosquito breeding and growth, they are of greater concern in places with inadequate drainage systems.

2. Skin infections: If you have open wounds or cuts, coming in contact with contaminated water in puddles can lead to skin infections. This environment is ideal for the growth of bacteria and fungi, which cause disorders including ringworm, athlete’s foot and other skin problems. These infections may require medical care in some circumstances and can cause itching, redness and swelling.

3. Waterborne problems: Contaminated water, which may contain dangerous germs, viruses and parasites, is a common problem in puddles during monsoon. Stepping into this water can lead to waterborne diseases like typhoid, gastroenteritis and leptospirosis. The germs that cause leptospirosis can enter the body through scratches or abrasions on the skin. Symptoms include high fever, severe headache, muscle pain and damage to organs in extreme cases.

4. Accident Potential: Potholes, sharp edges and slippery surfaces are some of the hidden dangers of puddles. Stepping into a deep puddle can lead to sprains, fractures and other injuries. Puddles on roads can cause cars to skid, leading to collisions. Vehicles and pedestrians should be cautious while passing through areas full of puddles.

Puddles become even more dangerous during monsoons as they are often hidden under water. Therefore, it is important to keep yourself safe. Dr. Muzzammil Sultan gives some tips to keep yourself safe. These include:

1. Wear proper footwear: Wearing waterproof and grippy footwear is important during the monsoon season. While walking on damp surfaces, wearing grippy footwear can help to avoid slips and falls. Avoid wearing sandals or open-toed shoes, which expose your feet to dirty water. Instead, choose rubber boots or closed shoes to protect your feet from puddle water and reduce the chances of infection.

2. Use mosquito repellent: Wear long sleeves and apply mosquito repellent on exposed skin to protect yourself from mosquito-borne diseases. Installing mesh on windows and using mosquito nets at night can also help keep insects away. To prevent mosquitoes from breeding, remove any sources of stagnant water around your home, such as empty tyres, buckets and flower pots.

3. Avoid wading through puddles: Despite the temptation to wade through puddles, it is advisable to stay away from them altogether. When you wade through puddles, you are more likely to step in contaminated water or hidden dangers. If you have to cross a puddle, try to find another way or confirm the depth and safety of the water with a stick before entering the water.

4. Drive cautiously: During monsoon, one needs to be extra cautious while driving, especially when you are passing through flooded areas. Maintain a safe distance from other cars, drive slowly and do not brake suddenly. Keep an eye on any obstacles or potholes that may be hidden by puddles. Avoid driving in deep water as it can damage your car’s electrical and engine systems.

5. Protect personal hygiene: It is important to wash your hands and feet thoroughly with soap and clean water after coming in contact with rainwater or puddles. This reduces the chances of infection and helps remove any potential contaminants. To prevent bacteria from entering any cuts or abrasions, clean them thoroughly at once and bandage them with a waterproof cloth.

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