A new study published in Nutritional Neuroscience shows that a low-calorie, high-protein diet has positive effects on mental health. obesityResearch shows that such a diet can significantly reduce symptoms of anxiety and depression within just 15 days. The randomized clinical trial conducted in Iran aimed to assess how psychological variables such as anxiety, depression, and stress are affected by dietary interventions in people with obesity. The participants were divided into two groups:

– Intervention group: Took a low-calorie diet with increased protein percentage.

– Control group: Followed a standard low-calorie diet with normal protein levels.

The researchers used block stratification to randomly assign participants and ensure balanced group sizes. Psychological and physical metrics were evaluated at 15, 30, and 60 day intervals to track progress.

Main findings of the study

The study found that people in the intervention group, who followed a high-protein, low-calorie diet, experienced significant improvements in mental health.

– Day 15: Noticeable reduction in symptoms of anxiety and depression.

– Days 30 and 60: Participants also reported lower stress scores than the control group.

Interestingly, while both groups started the trial with similar body composition, physical activity levels, and psychological variables, the intervention group showed substantial improvements in mental health over time.

These findings emphasize the potential of high-protein diets as a complementary approach to address mental health problems in people with obesity.

Obesity is a growing global health crisis. According to the World Health Organization (WHO), it affects millions of people worldwide and is associated with multiple health risks, including heart disease, diabetes and mental health challenges. The World Obesity Atlas 2023 estimates that by 2035, more than 4 billion people—or more than half the global population—will be obese or overweight.

WHO defines obesity as “abnormal or excessive fat accumulation that poses a threat to health”. This is commonly measured using body mass index (BMI), where a BMI of 30 or higher indicates obesity. BMI is calculated by dividing one’s weight in kilograms by the square of one’s height in meters.

Obesity results from a complex interplay of factors, including:

– Genetics: Family history of obesity.

– Lifestyle: Sedentary behavior and poor dietary habits.

– Psychological factors: stress, anxiety and depression.

– Health conditions: hormonal imbalance and certain medications.

Symptoms of obesity can include difficulty in performing physical activities, joint pain and conditions such as osteoarthritis. Obesity can also cause sleep apnea, a condition where breathing becomes difficult during sleep.

This study highlights the connection between diet and mental health, especially in the context of obesity. By reducing anxiety and depression, a low-calorie, high-protein diet may contribute to overall well-being, making it an essential consideration for doctors and people managing obesity. For people who want to adopt healthy eating habits, incorporating high-protein foods can provide both physical and psychological benefits.

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