Our overall health is reflected in our feet, which often serve as early warning signs of underlying problems that may require medical attention. Changes in the feet can indicate a variety of health problems, ranging from pain and irregular nail growth to differences in skin color. By paying attention to the health of your feet, you can catch potential medical problems early and take appropriate steps for diagnosis and treatment. But how to know which sign is a symptom of a disease? We contacted Dr. Akhilesh Yadav, Associate Director- Orthopedics and Joint Replacement, Max Hospital Vaishali, who explains the signs and symptoms.

1. Cold Feet: Circulation Problems

Even in warm conditions, if your feet feel cold all the time, it may be a sign of impaired circulation. This may be a sign of more serious heart disorders or peripheral artery disease (PAD). Plaque accumulation causes the arteries in PAD to narrow, restricting blood flow to the extremities. If it is accompanied by discomfort, cramping or numbness, it is important to see a doctor as it can cause significant problems if left untreated.

2. foot ache, gout or arthritis

Long-term pain in the legs, especially in the joints, may be a sign of gout or arthritis. Gout, caused by elevated levels of uric acid in the blood, causes sudden, excruciating pain that often begins in the big toe. Arthritis, on the other hand, can cause stiffness, swelling, and discomfort in the joints of the foot. Early treatment of diseases like gout and arthritis can reduce symptoms and increase quality of life.

3. Swelling in legs: accumulation of fluid

Swollen feet often occur during pregnancy, during long flights, and after standing for long periods of time. On the other hand, chronic edema, or swelling, may indicate more significant health problems such as liver, kidney or heart failure. If swelling is accompanied by fatigue or shortness of breath, prompt medical intervention may be necessary.

4. Diabetes Related Numbness or Tingling:

Diabetes, especially diabetic neuropathy, may be indicated by tingling or numbness in the feet. Prolonged elevated blood sugar levels can damage the nerves of your limbs, which is why this syndrome occurs. If left untreated, it can result in infection, ulcers, or even amputation. To avoid complications, regular foot checks and blood sugar management are important for diabetic patients.

5. Gray Toes: Symptoms of Raynaud’s Disease If your toes turn blue, white, or red in response to low temperatures or stress, it could be a sign of Raynaud’s disease. This disease affects the blood vessels in the hands and legs and restricts blood flow. Although lifestyle modifications can usually help control it, in more severe cases, medical attention may be necessary.

6. Dry, damaged heels: thyroid problems

Although cracked and severely dry heels can be a sign of hypothyroidism, a condition where the thyroid gland does not produce enough hormones, dry skin on the feet is common, especially in the winter. Hypothyroidism also causes weight gain, fatigue, and sensitivity to cold. It’s worth talking to a doctor if you experience persistent dry skin in addition to other symptoms.

7. Not feeling well foot wounds:Diabetes or inadequate circulation

Unhealed wounds or sores on the feet may be a sign of vascular disorders or diabetes. It is common for wounds to heal slowly due to poor blood flow and nerve damage in people with diabetes. This is particularly risky because neglected wounds can become infected and worsen the outcome.

8. Arthritis or Psoriasis -Dimpled nails Your toenails may have small pits or dents that indicate psoriasis, an inflammatory disease that affects the skin and nails. Psoriatic arthritis, a condition in which the joints become inflamed and cause pain and stiffness, can also be linked to it. Psoriasis treatment can help control the disease and enhance nail health.

9. Lack of water or inadequate nutrients: leg cramps

Leg cramps that come on suddenly and are painful may be a sign of dehydration or a deficiency of important minerals such as calcium, magnesium or potassium. Deficiency of these minerals can lead to cramps as they are necessary for both contraction and relaxation of muscles. Leg cramps can be avoided by eating a balanced diet and staying hydrated.

10. Toenail Changes: Fungus or Anemia Changes in the thickness, color, or shape of your toenails can potentially reveal information about your health. Yellow, thick toenails may indicate a fungal infection that should be treated. Conversely, brittle, white or yellow nails may indicate anemia, a condition in which the body does not produce enough red blood cells to supply adequate oxygen to the tissues.

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