Neurological conditions refer to diseases affecting the central and peripheral nervous systems, such as migraine, multiple sclerosis, and Alzheimer’s disease. Research shows that these disorders affect women more than men due to a mix of biological, hormonal, and lifestyle factors. We contacted Dr. Aditya Gupta, Director of Neurosurgery and CyberKnife at Artemis Hospital, Gurugram, who shares insights and provides measures to reduce the risk of neurological conditions.

Role of hormones in neurological health

Hormonal fluctuations play a significant role in women’s susceptibility to neurological conditions. For example, the hormone estrogen, which regulates brain activity, undergoes dramatic changes during menstruation, pregnancy, or menopause. These fluctuations can trigger or worsen conditions such as migraine.

“Migraines are particularly prevalent in women due to estrogen imbalance during menstruation and pregnancy,” says Dr. Gupta. The effects of this hormone on brain chemistry often increase the risk of neurological disruptions.

Autoimmune Disorders and Neurology

Women’s stronger immune systems, while an asset in fighting infections, can also turn against them, increasing the likelihood of autoimmune disorders. Neurological autoimmune diseases, such as multiple sclerosis, occur when the immune system attacks nerve cells, and studies show that they are significantly more common in women than men. According to Dr. Gupta, “Genetic predisposition and differences in immune responses between the sexes explain why neurological autoimmune disorders disproportionately affect women.”

age and longevity

Women generally live longer than men, increasing the risk of age-related neurological diseases such as Alzheimer’s and Parkinson’s. With age, the brain’s plasticity decreases, making it more vulnerable to these conditions.

“Women’s longer life expectancy means they face a higher cumulative risk of developing neurological disorders over time,” shares Dr. Gupta.

Stress, Mental Health and the Brain

Mental health conditions such as anxiety and depression are more prevalent in women and may contribute to neurological disorders. Chronic stress and untreated mental health problems can alter the functioning and structure of the brain, ultimately leading to cognitive decline.

“Stress management and mental health care are important, especially for women,” advises Dr. Gupta.

Ways to keep neurological conditions away

While some factors affecting neurological health are beyond control, taking a proactive approach can help reduce the risks. Here are some expert-recommended remedies:

1. Maintain a balanced diet: Include brain-healthy foods like green leafy vegetables, fatty fish, nuts and berries.

2. Exercise regularly: Physical activity improves blood circulation in the brain and reduces the risk of neurological disorders.

3. Manage Stress: Practice mindfulness, yoga or meditation to reduce stress levels and promote mental well-being.

4. Get good sleep: Ensure 7-8 hours of quality sleep daily to repair and refresh the brain.

5. Monitor Hormonal Health: Regular checkups can help in early detection and management of hormonal imbalance.

6. Be cognitively active: Engage in activities like puzzles, reading or learning a new skill to keep your mind sharp.

7. Seek early intervention: Consult a neurologist if you experience symptoms like persistent headaches, memory loss or numbness.

“Awareness and timely action can make a big difference in reducing the burden of neurological diseases,” says Dr. Gupta.

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