The winter season can be difficult for those who suffer from migraines, with cold weather bringing frequent and severe headaches for many people. While many people enjoy the bitter cold of winter, migraine sufferers may fear the season for a different reason: Cold weather has been linked to increased incidence and severity of migraines. From changes in barometric pressure to lifestyle changes, winter can create conditions that can act as triggers for migraine attacks. But how is cold weather linked to migraines?

According to the American Migraine Foundation, temperature changes, especially a drop in temperature, can be a trigger for people prone to migraines. Various factors related to the winter season and colder months can affect the likelihood and severity of migraine, making it essential for sufferers to understand potential triggers and manage them effectively.

One of the main factors associated with winter migraine is fluctuations in barometric (atmospheric) pressure. Studies indicate that sudden changes in barometric pressure, especially the sharp drops that often accompany winter storms, can provoke migraines. A study published in the journal Headache And Penn found that low atmospheric pressure can reduce oxygen levels, potentially affecting the trigeminal nerve, a key area associated with migraines.

Neurologist Dr. Lawrence Newman explains that these fluctuations can cause changes in blood flow to the brain, which can trigger migraine attacks. For some people, even minor changes in pressure can cause pain.

Shorter daylight hours in winter mean many people get less exposure to sunlight, which can result in lower vitamin D levels. Research has shown that low vitamin D levels are associated with an increased risk of migraine. A study in the Journal of Pain looked at an association between low vitamin D and migraine frequency, especially in women. Decreased exposure to sunlight can also disrupt the body’s circadian rhythm, further increasing the likelihood of migraines.

Vitamin D is important for brain health, and its deficiency is linked to increased inflammation and pain sensitivity. For migraine sufferers, vitamin D deficiency can make their systems more sensitive to environmental stressors such as cold weather.

In cold temperatures, blood vessels in the body constrict to retain heat. This vasoconstriction can also occur in the head, which can reduce blood flow and potentially trigger migraine in sensitive individuals. A study published in Headache: The Journal of Head and Face Pain found that exposure to cold caused blood vessels to constrict, resulting in “ice cream headaches” in healthy participants and migraines in those with the condition.

People sensitive to this effect may experience sharp, throbbing pain when transitioning between hot and cold environments, such as going out in cold weather or coming in from the cold. Wearing a hat or scarf that protects the head and neck can help maintain a consistent temperature, potentially reducing this trigger.

Many people’s mood often changes during the cold months. some experience seasonal affective disorder (SAD), while others may face increased stress levels due to holidays, year-end work deadlines or travel disruptions. These stress factors can increase cortisol levels, which in turn can act migraine trigger,

A study published in the European Journal of Neurology states that people suffering from chronic migraine have increased sensitivity to stress-related events. Cold weather months can increase these stressors, which can trigger migraines.

It may be surprising, but dehydration is another factor that can cause winter migraines. Indoor heating, although comfortable, can contribute to dehydration by creating dry air. As a result, people often drink less water during the colder months without realizing they are becoming dehydrated. Dehydration is a well-documented trigger for migraine, and studies confirm that inadequate hydration can worsen migraine symptoms.

Experts suggest maintaining hydration levels by drinking warm water or herbal tea, which can help balance hydration while keeping the body warm. Investing in a humidifier can help add moisture to indoor air, reducing the chance of dehydration-induced migraines.

Management of Winter Migraine: Tips to Follow

If you suffer from migraines in the winter, there are some strategies that may help reduce the effects of cold weather:

– Keep warm and layer up

Wearing layers, hats, and scarves helps regulate body temperature and prevent sudden temperature changes that can trigger migraines.

– keep an eye on the weather

Since changes in barometric pressure can cause migraine. If a storm or cold front is predicted, consider taking preventative measures or scheduling downtime in advance.

– Consider Vitamin D Supplements

Consult a healthcare provider to have your vitamin D levels checked. If low levels are found a small supplement may help reduce the frequency of migraines during the winter months.

– Stay hydrated and keep your environment humid

Remember to drink plenty of fluids and consider a humidifier for your home, especially if you’re using central heating.

– Manage stress and sleep patterns

Establishing a consistent sleep schedule and finding ways to reduce stress — such as mindfulness exercises, light therapy for SAD, or physical activity — can aid in migraine prevention.

Get the latest news live on Times Now with breaking news and top headlines from around the world.