A clinical trial at the Memorial Slone Catering Cancer Center (MSK) in New York has shown success results with a new drug that can treat cancer without the need for other treatments such as surgery and chemotherapy. According to scientists, those who received an immunotherapy drug, dostarlimab in step 2 tests noticed their tumors had completely disappeared.

Results shared in 2025 annual meeting of American Association for Cancer Research and published in New England Journal of MedicineA paradigm can mark changes as to how some cancer is treated.

How was the test conducted?

Gastrointestinal oncologist Dr. in MSK. Andrea Sarek and Dr. Under the leadership of Luis Diaz Junior, the test enrolled 103 men and women locally in the early days of advanced cancer, including rectal, colon, esophagal, liver, urine and gynecology.

Scientists stated that all participants had a common thing – a genetic signature known as a lack of mismatched repair, or an MMA type mutation that poses a greater risk than errors copying DNA to the tumor. And since they also appear more for your body’s immune system, it makes them ideal targets for checkpoint inhibitors such as dostarlimab, which is sold under the brand name Jemperli.

Czechpoint inhibitors work by taking brakes from the immune system, allowing it to spot and destroy cancer cells that usually hide in plain vision.

What were the results of the test?

Scientists said that the most striking results came after 48 participants, who had rectal cancer, they had a complete reaction – meaning their tumors completely disappeared. Among other 54 patients with cancer in various organs, 35 also experienced total discounts.

Of the 84 patients, at least 82 who went into exemption were capable of completely avoiding surgery. “This study suggests that immunotherapy may replace surgery, radiation and chemotherapy for solid tumors with mismatched repair-least, which can help patients preserve their organs and avoid the harsh effects of chemo and radiation,” Dr. Sarek said.

Cancer treatment always involves many others as standard treatment for surgery, chemotherapy, radiotherapy and many other tumors, especially in digestive and reproductive systems.

Even though they are effective for most patients, but there are side effects ascetics – including pain, fatigue, infertility, incontinence, loss of sexual function, and long recovery periods, as well as in addition to taking a toll on mental health.

The test is a boon for MMRD patients.

According to scientists, testing suggests that for patients with MMRD cancer, there may be another way to recover. To monitor how well treatment the treatment was doing, researchers used an emerging device known as the CTDNA test, which transmits tumor DNA. It then uses liquid biopsy – a blood test to detect small pieces of tumor DNA in the blood.

For many patients, within a month and a half, the tumor disappeared.

The results are now evidence of the fact that in the future, blood test CTDNA can become an important tool to check how well cancer treatments are doing, especially when the tumor is in a part of the body, which is difficult to reach or can be easily seen or cannot be tested with biopsy.

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