there has been an increase in cases of colorectal cancer in adults under the age of 50. Reports show that rates of colorectal cancer have increased by 20.6%, with a significant increase in individuals under the age of 50. A disease that is usually associated with older demographics is rapidly increasing in young adults. Doctors say this sudden shift requires immediate attention from healthcare professionals, policymakers, and the public to effectively address the emerging crisis.

Colorectal cancer, also known as colon cancer, is a type of cancer that develops in the colon or rectum of the large intestine. The Centers for Disease Control and Prevention says colorectal cancer is one of the most common cancers in the United States and the third most common cancer in the world. Initially, a person may develop polyps in the colon and rectum and over time, these polyps turn into colon cancer.

Speaking on Times Now, Dr Neeraj Dhingra, Consultant, Radiation and Clinical Oncology, Ruby Hall Clinic, Pune, talks about the rising trend of colorectal cancer in young adults, its symptoms, key factors, and preventive measures.

A growing trend among young adults

Colorectal cancer is most commonly seen in people aged 50 years and above. “However, recent data show a disturbing trend of increasing incidence in young adults. This shift reflects underlying changes in lifestyle and risk factors that are affecting younger generations more intensely,” Dr. Dhingra said.

Symptoms of colorectal cancer

Early detection of colorectal cancer is key to effective treatment and improved survival rates. Common symptoms to look out for include:

• Persistent changes in bowel habits (such as diarrhea or constipation)
• Presence of blood in the stool
• abdominal pain or cramps
• unexplained weight loss
• Constant fatigue.

Main causes of colorectal cancer

Several factors are responsible for the increase in colorectal cancer cases among young adults in India. These factors include:

• Dietary Changes: The increased adoption of Western dietary patterns, including higher consumption of red and processed meat and decreased fiber intake, is associated with an increased risk of cancer.
• Sedentary Lifestyle: The increasing trend of sedentary behaviour and physical inactivity has contributed to increased rates of obesity – a known risk factor for colorectal cancer.
• genetic factors: People with a family history of colorectal cancer have a higher risk. There is concern that younger generations may inherit genetic predispositions, making them more susceptible to the disease.
• Environmental effect: Environmental pollution and exposure to carcinogens may also contribute to rising rates of colorectal cancer.

Preventive Measures for Colorectal Cancer

Effective prevention is important to stop the increase in colorectal cancer cases. These preventive measures include:

• Adopt a balanced diet: Reducing your intake of red and processed meat while emphasizing fruits, vegetables, whole grains, and low-fat proteins may help reduce cancer risk.
• Regular physical activity: Regular exercise helps control weight and reduces the risk of cancer.
• Routine check-ups: Colonoscopy is the standard test for colorectal cancer screening. People with a family history of colorectal cancer should begin screening earlier than the general population.
• Avoid tobacco and limit alcohol consumption: Reducing or eliminating tobacco use and controlling alcohol consumption may further reduce cancer risk.

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