MpoxA zoonotic viral infection previously confined mainly to central and western Africa has recently attracted global attention due to its spread to non-endemic areas. Health The World Health Organization (WHO) has released updated guidelines to tackle this emerging threat. As a pediatrician, it is important to assess its potential impact. Monkeypox The impact of these new guidelines on Indian children will be studied and their effect on their health and well-being will be explored.

Times Now Digital spoke to Dr Amit Gupta, Senior Consultant Pediatrician and Neonatologist, Motherhood Hospital to understand the situation better. We also asked him what impact this will have on Indian children.

Understanding Mpox

Ampox is caused by the monkeypox virus, which belongs to the Orthopoxvirus genus – this also includes the smallpox virus. Ampox shares many similarities with smallpox, including its clinical presentation, which includes fever, swollen lymph nodes and a distinctive rash that goes through different stages. Although less contagious than smallpox, ampox can still pose significant health risks, especially for people who have weakened immune systems, including young children.

Recent guidelines from the World Health Organization

The World Health Organization’s updated guidelines on ampox include several important recommendations:

• Advanced MonitoringStrong surveillance and timely reporting are critical to monitor monkeypox.
• Clinical TrialsAccurate tests such as PCR are necessary to identify monkeypox.
• vaccinationVaccines are recommended for high-risk groups, including specific monkeypox vaccines.
• public educationIt is essential to raise awareness about the symptoms and prevention of monkeypox.

Potential impact on Indian children

The impact of ampox on Indian children could be significant for several reasons:

1. limited immunityUnlike adults who have been vaccinated against smallpox in the past, most Indian children have not been vaccinated against smallpox, potentially making them more vulnerable to smallpox.
2. living conditions: Many Indian families live in close proximity to one another, increasing the risk of infectious diseases spreading. Children living in densely populated areas may be at increased risk of contracting and transmitting ampox.
3. Health care disparitiesAccess to health services in India is highly disparate, with diagnosis and treatment often delayed in rural and underprivileged communities. This disparity could exacerbate the impact of monkeypox among children who are already at high risk.
4. Educational and psychological impactThe physical manifestations of ampox, including the distinctive rash, can have significant psychological and social effects on children. The stigma associated with the visible symptoms and the distress caused by the disease can affect a child’s educational experience and mental health.

Is MPox a serious threat to Indian children?

While ampox is generally less severe than smallpox, it is not without risk. Children, especially those under the age of five, may have more severe symptoms and complications, such as secondary bacterial infections and pneumonia. Although the case fatality rate for ampox is lower than that for smallpox, it can still be significant, especially in populations with limited access to healthcare.

The possibility of long-term consequences, such as scarring from the rash, adds another layer of worry. These complications can affect the child’s quality of life and overall well-being.

Preventive strategies and recommendations

Several measures should be considered to reduce the risk of ampox in Indian children:

• Vaccination initiativesThe Indian government should prioritise the development and distribution of vaccines targeting ampox. Vaccination campaigns could focus on high-risk groups and areas with reported cases.
• Strengthening surveillance systemsImproved surveillance and reporting mechanisms are essential for early detection and management of MPox cases. Health authorities must ensure that systems are in place to monitor and respond effectively to outbreaks.
• Public health educationComprehensive public education campaigns should be launched to raise awareness about venom. These campaigns should target parents, teachers, and healthcare providers to promote understanding and early intervention.
• Access to healthcareEfforts should be made to enhance healthcare infrastructure, especially in rural and underprivileged areas. Access to timely medical care and diagnostic services is crucial to control and manage the spread of ampox.

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