anaphylaxis This is serious, potentially life threatening allergic reaction This can happen within minutes of exposure to an allergen, even a small amount such as eggs or peanuts. However, recent studies show that many allergy sufferers and their caregivers often lack the knowledge to act quickly and effectively when anaphylaxis occurs.

Two new studies presented at the American College of Allergy, asthmaAnd the Association of Immunology (ACAAI) annual meeting in Boston highlighted widespread confusion over the diagnosis and treatment of anaphylaxis. One study focused on patients’ awareness of anaphylactic symptoms and how to respond, while the other examined inconsistencies in emergency medical services (EMS) protocols in different US states.

The first study, led by Dr. Sasha Alvarado, co-director of quality and safety for the Division of Immunology, Allergy and Retrovirology at Baylor College of Medicine, surveyed 96 allergy patients and caregivers. Alvarado’s team found that while most respondents (73 percent) felt “comfortable” identifying anaphylaxis symptoms, only 14 percent were likely to use epinephrine as a first-line treatment if an allergic reaction occurred. Epinephrine, the active ingredient in EpiPen, is the recommended rescue medication for anaphylaxis, but various factors contribute to patients’ reluctance to use it.

According to the survey, reasons for hesitancy include uncertainty about what symptoms require treatment (41 percent), reluctance to go to the emergency room (24 percent), and hesitation to call 911 (18 percent). . Some respondents were also unsure how to use the auto-injector (12 percent) or had a fear of needles (5 percent). Alvarado stressed the important role of early detection and treatment with epinephrine, as timely administration can significantly improve outcomes. “These results demonstrate the need for better education among allergy patients to promptly recognize and treat anaphylaxis,” Alvarado said.

The second study, led by Dr. Carly Gunderson of Memorial Healthcare System in Fort Lauderdale, Florida, analyzed EMS protocols for managing anaphylaxis in 30 states. Gunderson’s research revealed significant variations in the definition of anaphylaxis and recommended treatment approaches. Only half of the states included gastrointestinal symptoms as part of the anaphylaxis criteria, and only 40 percent recognized neurological symptoms as indicators, reflecting inconsistencies in defining the condition.

In terms of treatment, almost all states (97 percent) list epinephrine as the primary intervention for anaphylaxis. However, despite the convenience and effectiveness of the devices, only 57 percent provided epinephrine auto-injectors to EMS personnel. “Many EMS anaphylaxis protocols are incomplete and/or out of date,” Gunderson said, noting that inconsistencies were also evident in medication recommendations. 90 percent of states recommended using albuterol when respiratory symptoms appeared, while 73 percent recommended intravenous fluids, and 60 percent suggested steroids, although the latter is now considered outdated for anaphylaxis management. Is.

Inconsistencies in EMS protocols highlight the need for standardization in state guidelines, ensuring patients receive consistent and effective care. The preliminary findings, yet to be published in a peer-reviewed journal, however, underscore the urgent need for advanced training and uniform protocols for both patients and emergency responders when it comes to anaphylaxis management.

These studies show the importance of clear, updated guidelines and education for the management of anaphylaxis, as prompt treatment can be life-saving. For patients, caregivers, and healthcare providers, it is important to understand and respond appropriately to allergic reactions to prevent serious complications.

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