Winters are usually a very challenging time for children as they are more prone to infections as well as cough and cold due to changes in weather conditions. Living in Delhi makes it even more challenging because in winter, not only do you get more infections but exposure to pollution also makes it difficult for children to stay healthy. We caught up with Dr Raghuram Mallaiya, Senior Director, Neonatology, Fortis La Fame, Greater Kailash, New Delhi, who explained how to protect your babies from common diseases during winter.

Health challenges for children in winter:

According to Dr. Raghuram, children are especially vulnerable to viral infections due to changes in temperature and humidity during the winter months. “Apart from viral infections prevalent during this season, living in areas like Delhi poses additional risks, especially due to pollution,” he said. He further added, “NCR pollution is a major contributor to the frequency of visits to doctors during winters, as it not only causes respiratory problems like cough and cold, but also reduces immunity, making children more prone to infections.” The risk of this happening is higher.”

How to protect your child from falling ill in winter?

1. Proper Vaccination:

The best way to keep your child safe from common winter diseases is through timely vaccination. Dr. Raghuram explains that vaccines are necessary to increase the immunity of your child. “The flu vaccine is especially important before the winter months begin. It is an annual vaccine that should be given every year,” he said. Although the flu shot does not protect against all viral infections, it significantly reduces the risk of serious illnesses like influenza and swine flu, which are common during the colder months.

2. Protect your child from pollution:

Exposure to pollution can affect a child’s health, especially in cities with high levels of air pollution like Delhi. Dr. Raghuram recommends simple lifestyle changes to protect children from harmful pollutants. “It is important to avoid sending children outside during high pollution, especially early morning or late evening when pollution levels are at their peak,” he advised. Limiting outdoor activities during these hours can help reduce the negative effects of pollution on your child’s health.

Apart from vaccination, Dr. Raghuram recommends making some lifestyle changes to boost the immunity of the child during the winter months. One of the most important steps is to make sure children eat a healthy, balanced diet. “Fruits and vegetables are major sources of vitamins and antioxidants, which play an important role in boosting immunity. It is also important to stay hydrated with protein-rich food and plenty of water,” he said.

Parents should also pay attention to reducing junk food intake in their children, as it can have a negative impact on their immune system. Instead of relying on vitamin supplements, children should get their essential vitamins – such as vitamin C and B complex – from natural food sources.

Another key factor in improving a child’s immunity is physical activity. “Children nowadays often lead sedentary lives, spending hours in front of screens. Encouraging physical activity, even if it’s just dancing or playing a sport, can significantly improve blood circulation and overall health, Dr. Raghuram said.

Maintaining good hygiene is another important aspect of preventing infection. Dr. Raghuram suggests washing and disinfecting hands regularly, especially before meals and after being outside. Ensuring that children bathe regularly and maintain personal hygiene helps reduce the chances of bacterial and viral infections.

When it comes to clothing, many parents overdress their children in an attempt to keep them warm, but this can be worse for the children. “It is important not to overburden your child. Dress them in appropriate layers, just like you do for yourself,” he said. Overheating can be just as harmful as underdressing.

Dr. Raghuram recommends consulting a health care professional if a child develops symptoms like fever, cough or cold. “It is never a good idea to self-treat with antibiotics. Always seek medical advice from a doctor at the first symptoms of the disease,” he said. Early intervention can help prevent the condition from worsening and speed up recovery.

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