carpal tunnel syndrome (CTS) is a neurological condition that affects many people, causing discomfort and even disability. It occurs when the median nerve – which controls sensation and movement in the hand – becomes compressed as it passes through a narrow passage in the wrist called the carpal tunnel.

Dr. Vivek Loomba, senior consultant pain physician, Indian Spinal Injuries Centre, explains, “The carpal tunnel is surrounded by bones and ligaments, and when the median nerve is squeezed, it can cause a number of irritating symptoms like tingling, numbness, Is. , and weakness in the hand, especially affecting the thumb, index, and middle fingers.” These symptoms often appear during activities such as driving, holding objects, or even waking up at night due to discomfort.

While CTS can affect anyone, certain factors make people more vulnerable. “The primary cause of CTS is pressure on the median nerve in the wrist, which can occur for any number of reasons,” says Dr. Loomba. Factors such as wrist injuries, underlying health conditions such as arthritis or diabetes, frequent hand movements, and even hormonal changes (such as during pregnancy) can contribute to this condition.

Interestingly, women are more likely to experience CTS than men, and symptoms often develop gradually, becoming worse over time. Early detection and treatment can help reduce symptoms and prevent permanent damage.

Prevention is key when it comes to carpal tunnel syndrome. Dr. Loomba recommends a series of simple exercises to help reduce the risk of developing CTS and reduce discomfort in the early stages of the condition. Here are some things that can be done regularly:

1. Extension and flexion of the wrist

– Keeping your arm straight, gently bend your wrist backward (extend) and then forward (flex).

-It stretches the muscles on the inside and outside of your arm, promoting flexibility.

2. Median nerve glide

– Start by making a fist to help improve mobility of the compressed median nerve.

– Spread your fingers and thumb, then bend your hand backward toward your arm while extending the thumb outward.

3. Tendon Glide

– These movements help stretch the tendons in the carpal tunnel.

– Activities include hooking your fingers, making a fist, and then straightening your fingers and thumb.

4. Wrist Lift

– Strengthen your arm muscles by pressing one palm onto the surface and using your other hand to push downwards.

– As you press down, lift your wrists and fingers up, performing this exercise repeatedly in sets.

5. Squeezing hands

– Using a soft rubber ball or even a pair of socks, squeeze and release repeatedly.

-This strengthens the muscles of your forearm.

6. Wrist stretch with weights

– Hold a light weight (like a small can) in one hand and extend your arm straight.

– Slowly move your arm upward and backward to stretch the flexor muscles of your forearm.

“These exercises, if done regularly, can help maintain wrist mobility and reduce pressure on the median nerve, especially for people who perform repetitive movements,” explains Dr. Loomba.

If you are already experiencing CTS symptoms, several pain management options may help. Dr. Loomba shares some of the most common treatment options:

1. Rest and stabilization

– Initially, it is important to rest the affected wrist and hand. Doctors often recommend wearing a wrist brace or splint to avoid further irritation of the median nerve, especially at night.

2. Cool Packs

-Applying a cold pack can reduce swelling and reduce discomfort in the wrist and hand.

3. Pain medicines

– Over-the-counter NSAIDs such as ibuprofen can help reduce inflammation and pain. In some cases, diuretic medications may be given to reduce swelling.

4. Corticosteroid Injection

– In severe cases, corticosteroid injections may be used to reduce inflammation and relieve pressure on the median nerve. However, these are usually limited to a few injections per year to avoid side effects.

5. Oral corticosteroids

– In rare cases, oral corticosteroids are prescribed for short-term relief.

6. Exercise and physical therapy

– Physical or occupational therapy plays an important role in improving wrist mobility and reducing symptoms through targeted stretching and strengthening exercises.

7. Surgery

– In cases where non-surgical treatments fail, carpal tunnel release surgery may be necessary. This procedure involves cutting the tissue around the wrist to relieve pressure on the median nerve. Recovery from surgery can take time, and physical therapy is often required to regain full wrist strength and function.

Dr. Loomba said, “The treatment approach varies depending on the severity of the condition and the needs of the individual. Consultation with a health care professional is necessary to ensure personalized care.

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